Active ingredients

Pyruvic Acid: An alpha-keto acid found in nature (apples, fermented fruit, and vinegar). Due to its lipophilicity, it is rapidly able to penetrate deep down. Properties:
- Acantolytic: decreases adhesion between keratinocytes,
- Stimulant: improves proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes,
- Depigmenting: speeds up the elimination and turnover of pigmented cells,
- Renewing: activates the neosynthesis of collagen and elastin in the dermis.

Glycolic-Lactic Acids: These interact with the intercorneocyte bonds and activate the mechanisms that regulate cellular energy metabolism.

Succinic Acid: A dicarboxylic acid, and a chelator, particularly of copper (copper is present in the active site of tyrosinase, and plays a crucial role in the enzyme's activity). Succinic Acid plays a vital role in mitochondrial function, as part of the respiratory chain and Krebs cycle. It's a component of the citric acid cycle, and donates electrons to the electron transfer chain through the reaction: succinate + FAD – fumarate + FADH2. Succinic acid prevents and combats ageing through its revitalising effect on the mitochondria.

Ferulic acid: Has a strong ability to neutralise free radicals, particularly free radicals known as "superoxides," "hydroxyl radicals," and "nitric oxide." It's a substance derived from phenol, with antioxidant (increases the power of antioxidant vitamins C and E), anti-inflammatory (prevents the activation of Nf-kB), depigmenting (inhibits tyrosinase), and photo-protective properties (increases the effectiveness of other sunscreens). It protects cellular DNA.

Phytic Acid: A biomolecule naturally present in many seeds and plants. It has antioxidant properties, reduces lipid peroxidation, and is a chelator due to its ability to sequester heavy metals (particularly copper, which is an essential element of tyrosinase in melanin production). Phytic acid helps prevent irritation, cellular damage from free radicals, and functional alterations of the skin barrier. This substance helps improve the skin's resistance to aggression.

Amino Acids: Precursors of COLLAGEN and ELASTIN. Amino acids are nitrogen-containing molecules and are the building blocks of proteins. Each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids that determines its structure and function. GLYCINE, HYDROXYPROLINE, and PROLINE are the main components of collagen. LYSINE is the main component of desmosine, the elastic hinge of elastin.